Depth filtration is a process where a porous media is used to retain particles and contaminants of a fluid in its matrix, not only on the surface.
This filtration solution is commonly used when the fluid has a high rate of contaminants because thee can retain a large mass of particles before it becomes clogged. The particles are retained from the fluid in the matrix due to the tortuous path it most go to pass in the media.
Depth filters come in different arrangements, symmetric or asymmetric throughout the filter media. Some are made of the same material and same structure all the way (symmetric with relative uniform pore structure) and other will have graded density filtering media (asymmetric, as the filter media will become more retentive with less open pore structure as it is closer to the cartridge inner core).